So when a child is suddenly off, the first move is not panic. Look for a common cause, address what you find, and give it a little time. But there is a rarer pattern that looks different. A child who goes from baseline to severe, life-disrupting symptoms almost overnight: intense new obsessions and compulsions, refusing to eat, rage, wetting the bed after years of dryness, losing handwriting skills she has had for years, or suddenly unable to leave a parent’s side. If no common cause explains it, and if the symptoms hold on for more than a week or so instead of fading, that pattern deserves a closer look.

That pattern has two names: PANS and PANDAS. They are dramatic, they are frightening, and the medical world is still working out what causes them. At NACD we have worked with children and young adults affected by these conditions, and we have watched families navigate this situation, sometimes well and sometimes at enormous financial and emotional cost. What follows is what these conditions are, what to do first, and how to protect your child and your family along the way.

What Are PANS and PANDAS?

PANDAS stands for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections. It was first described in 1998 by researchers at the National Institute of Mental Health. In PANDAS, a child develops sudden, severe OCD symptoms and/or tics following a strep infection, such as strep throat or scarlet fever.

PANS stands for Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. It is the broader umbrella term, defined in 2012, and PANDAS is considered a subset of it. PANS describes the same abrupt onset of severe OCD or dramatic food restriction, along with at least two other symptoms such as intense anxiety, emotional swings, rage or irritability, behavioral regression, a sudden drop in school performance, sensory or motor changes, sleep problems, or urinary changes. Unlike PANDAS, PANS does not require a strep infection. Reported triggers include mycoplasma, influenza, sinus infections, COVID-19, Epstein-Barr virus, and sometimes no identifiable infection at all.

The proposed explanation is that the immune system, activated by an infection, mistakenly attacks the child’s own brain, producing inflammation in the basal ganglia, a region deep in the brain that helps regulate movement, emotion, and behavior. Medicine already accepts that this can happen. Rheumatic fever, in which strep antibodies attack the heart, and Sydenham chorea, in which they affect the brain and produce involuntary movements, are long-established examples of the same mechanism.

Why Doctors Disagree

Parents researching these conditions quickly discover that doctors disagree about them, and the reason is worth understanding. There is no blood test or brain scan that confirms PANS or PANDAS. The diagnosis rests entirely on the child’s history, which makes some physicians cautious. Research studies on treatment are small and their results are mixed.

Both sides agree on this much: children with this abrupt, dramatic onset pattern are real, and they are suffering. The disagreement is about mechanism and treatment, not about whether your child’s overnight change actually happened. If a physician dismisses the pattern entirely, or if a clinic tells you they can diagnose it with certainty from a single lab panel, both should give you pause. The practical steps below hold up no matter where the science eventually lands.

The Hallmark Sign: Speed

The single most important feature that separates PANS and PANDAS from ordinary childhood OCD, anxiety, or tics is speed of onset. Typical OCD develops gradually over months. PANS arrives like a light switch. If your child went from baseline to severe symptoms within days, especially following an illness in your child or anyone in your household, that history matters enormously. Speed alone is not the whole picture, though. Rule out the ordinary explanations first, and let persistence be your second filter: a rough stretch that fades within days is normal life with a young child, while severe symptoms that hold on past a week with no identifiable cause are what should send you to the physician. Write it down while it is fresh: what changed, when it changed, what you ruled out, and what infections came before it. That timeline will be the most valuable diagnostic tool you own.

Typical OCD or anxiety builds over months. PANS and PANDAS arrive in days.

What to Do First

The best first steps are not exotic, and most of them cost very little.

• Document the timeline. Onset date, symptoms, and any recent illnesses in the child or family members.
• See your physician and ask for strep testing. Request a throat culture even if your child has no sore throat, because silent strep infections happen. It is also reasonable to have household members screened, since strep circulates within families.
• Treat any infection that is found. In many reported cases, properly treating a documented infection produces significant improvement, sometimes quickly.
• Address the behavior directly, as a family. The best-studied behavioral approach to OCD symptoms is exposure-based work: gradually facing fears rather than avoiding them, and gently stopping the household from accommodating compulsions and rituals, because accommodation feels kind in the moment but feeds the fire. Some families pursue this with a therapist trained in exposure and response prevention (ERP). But the principles themselves, structure, consistency, and parents leading the work at home, are things families can carry out every single day, and daily beats weekly. Behavioral work helps regardless of what caused the symptoms and should not wait while the medical picture gets sorted out.
• Keep anti-inflammatory and immune treatments physician-guided. For milder cases, doctors sometimes use anti-inflammatory medication or a short course of steroids. For severe cases, some physicians use IVIG, which stands for intravenous immunoglobulin. IVIG is an infusion of antibodies collected from thousands of healthy blood donors, given through an IV over several hours, usually across multiple sessions. The goal is to calm and rebalance an immune system that appears to be attacking the child’s own brain. It is a real medical treatment used for a number of immune conditions, but for PANS and PANDAS specifically the research results are mixed, insurance rarely covers it for this diagnosis, and out-of-pocket costs commonly run into the tens of thousands of dollars. If IVIG is being considered, it belongs at an established specialty program with experienced physicians, not at a clinic selling treatment packages.
• Support the body the brain lives in. An inflamed brain does not need more inflammation coming from the plate. Reducing wheat and sugar, two of the biggest inflammatory drivers in the modern diet, is a practical starting point for most families. Adding probiotic and fermented foods supports the gut, where a large share of the immune system actually lives. Build overall metabolic health with real food, omega-3s, quality sleep, movement, and lower stress. These steps are inexpensive, low risk, and compatible with any medical plan. They will not cure a severe case on their own, but immune regulation and brain function are downstream of metabolic health, and a brain heals better in a healthy body.

Protecting Your Family Financially

Families facing these conditions are frightened, exhausted, and searching, which makes them a target. There is an entire industry ready to sell unvalidated lab panels, open-ended antibiotic protocols, months-long detox programs, and treatment packages costing tens of thousands of dollars, often all from the same clinic that performs the testing, interprets the testing, and defines success.

Before spending significant money on any treatment, ask the provider five questions:

• What published evidence supports this treatment for this condition?
• What is the total cost, and what will insurance cover?
• What is the defined endpoint, and how long until we know whether it worked?
• How exactly will we measure improvement?
• Do you profit from the tests you order and the products you recommend?

A good provider welcomes these questions. A provider who resents them has answered them. As a rule of thumb: spend freely on things that are cheap and low risk, spend carefully on things with mixed evidence and a clear endpoint, and be very wary of open-ended programs with no defined finish line.

Where NACD Fits

If you are an NACD family and you are seeing sudden changes in your child, contact your coach immediately. Do not wait for your next scheduled follow-up. Your coach can help you organize what you are seeing, compare it against your child’s documented baseline, and get that information into your physician’s hands quickly. Speed matters with these conditions, and you already have people who know your child.

NACD does not diagnose or treat PANS or PANDAS. Those decisions belong with your physician. But for more than 47 years our work has been built on knowing each child as an individual, and that matters a great deal here.

A condition with no lab test is diagnosed on history and observed change. Because we evaluate children three times a year and track function in detail, our records often show exactly when a child’s abilities dropped and when they returned. For a family sitting in a doctor’s office trying to explain what happened, that documentation is worth a great deal.

This is also why we ask families to tell us about illnesses, fevers, and infections. What looks like a minor detail in the moment can turn out to be the missing piece.

We also help families keep moving forward. A child in a flare is not a child whose potential has changed, and flare behavior is not willfulness. We adjust each child’s program to match current capacity, protect the fundamentals, and rebuild as the child recovers. The brain that has been through an inflammatory episode is still a brain that responds to the right input at the right intensity.

Recovery is also a rebuilding process. Flares take a real toll on attention, processing, and working memory, and those functions respond to targeted, consistent work. Tools like our Simply Smarter app, built on NACD’s decades of work developing processing and working memory, give families a structured way to rebuild cognitive function at home, a few minutes at a time, at whatever intensity the child can handle right now.

Treating the whole child, and never confusing a child with a label or an episode, has been the heart of NACD’s philosophy since 1979. That does not change with this diagnosis. If anything, it matters more.

If your child is struggling and you are not yet an NACD family, join our free Get Started program to learn how an individualized program works and talk with our staff at no cost.

Frequently Asked Questions

This article is for educational purposes and is not medical advice. Diagnosis and treatment decisions should always be made with your child’s physician. If you are concerned about sudden changes in your child, contact your doctor promptly, and know that NACD is here to support your child’s development every step of the way.

The post PANS and PANDAS: What Every Parent Should Know When a Child Changes Overnight appeared first on NACD International | The National Association for Child Development.

Children are about twice as sensitive to evening light as the adults who bought the bulbs. The bulbs were sold on energy savings. The cost shows up in your child.

Over roughly a decade, the light in nearly every American home was replaced. Federal efficiency standards effectively ended the sale of standard incandescent bulbs in August 2023, and LEDs took over. The energy math was real. What was never on the ledger is what that light does inside a child’s nervous system in the hours before bed.

If your child fights sleep, wakes at night, or melts down every afternoon, the light in your family room is one of the few causes you can change this week for about forty dollars. Here is why it matters and exactly what to do.

Light is a hormonal signal, and children get twice the dose

Cells in the back of the eye do one job: they measure blue wavelength light and report the time of day to the brain. Lots of blue means noon. Amber light with little blue, like fire or an old incandescent filament, means evening. That signal controls melatonin, the hormone that tells every system in the body that night has begun.

White LEDs are built on a blue diode. Even a warm looking soft white bulb carries a spike of blue underneath the coating. Your eye reads cozy. Your brain’s clock reads midday.

Children take the hit far harder than adults. A child’s lens is optically clear, so more than 65 percent of blue light reaches the retina, compared with about 20 percent by the mid twenties. Their pupils are larger. The numbers that follow are why this article exists.

Two details deserve attention. In young children, dim light suppressed melatonin nearly as much as bright light, so turning the lights down does not solve it. And the suppression outlasts the light, so a perfect bedtime routine cannot undo the hour that came before it.

Why this lands hardest on the hyperactive child

Sleep and attention are not loosely related. They are causally linked, and the link has been tested. In a randomized BMJ trial of 244 children with ADHD, families received nothing but two consultations on sleep and a follow up call. ADHD symptom severity improved at three and six months, moderate to severe sleep problems dropped from 56 percent to 30 percent, and a third to half of the benefit ran specifically through better sleep. For scale, the improvement in ADHD symptoms was roughly a third to half the size of the effect stimulant medications typically produce in clinical trials. Two conversations about sleep, no prescription, no side effects, and a meaningful fraction of what the medication delivers. A separate crossover study restricted adolescents with ADHD to 6.5 hours of sleep for a week, and parents reported more inattention and oppositional behavior. Same kids, different sleep.

The chain is short. Evening light suppresses melatonin. Children are twice as sensitive. Suppressed melatonin delays and shortens sleep. Short sleep worsens attention and regulation, most in the children with the least margin. LEDs do not cause ADHD, but for a child already working with a narrow margin, the family room lighting taxes it every single night.

There is a second issue specific to LEDs: flicker. Cheap LED drivers pulse the light 120 times per second. You cannot see it, but the visual system processes it. The engineering body IEEE published a formal standard on the health risks, listing headaches, eyestrain, reduced task performance, distraction, and increased autistic behaviors in children. Flicker is a solved problem that costs a little more per bulb, and nothing on the package tells you which bulbs have it.

Yes, light is an endocrine disruptor

You have probably heard the term endocrine disruptor applied to chemicals like BPA, things that get into the body and interfere with hormones. Wrong evening light does the same thing to a child’s hormones, it just gets in through the eyes instead of the mouth. Nothing leaches out of the bulb. The light itself is the exposure: it enters the eye, shuts down melatonin, and disturbs the timing that other hormones, like the stress hormone cortisol, are built around. That is why researchers formally classify artificial light at night as an environmental endocrine disruptor.

This is taken seriously at the highest levels. The World Health Organization’s cancer agency rates night shift work, which scrambles the body’s light and dark schedule, as probably carcinogenic to humans. France’s national health agency officially recommends warm bulbs below 3000K at home and specifically warns against children’s evening exposure to blue rich LED light. American parents have simply never been told.

For perspective: the famous Southampton food dye trial found that artificial colors increased hyperactivity in children, and that finding changed how a generation of parents shops. The measured effect was small. Meanwhile the light fixture over the dinner table is cutting a preschooler’s primary circadian hormone by 70 to 99 percent, three hours a night, every night. We read every ingredient label and have never once audited what falls on our children’s eyes.

The most powerful fix is free: real sunlight, morning and evening

Before you buy anything, understand that the bulbs are only half the problem. The other half is that our children get too little of the light they were built for. The body does not judge evening light in isolation. It judges contrast. A child who gets bright natural light all day is far more resistant to evening disruption than a child who went from a dim classroom to a dim house to a bright screen.

The gap is enormous. Indoor lighting measures a few hundred lux. Outside, even under full cloud cover or tree shade, light measures in the thousands to tens of thousands. A window cuts most of it. There is no bulb, no app, and no supplement that substitutes for going outside.

Morning light is the anchor, and it pays out all day. Within an hour of waking, get your child outside for 10 to 30 minutes. Breakfast on the porch, walking to the bus stop instead of driving, ten minutes in the yard before school. Morning light sets the body clock, and nearly everything a parent cares about hangs off that clock. Tonight’s melatonin release is scheduled by this morning’s light, so kids fall asleep easier and sleep deeper. Morning light triggers the healthy morning rise in cortisol that produces natural alertness, which means easier wake ups and a sharper first half of the school day instead of a foggy one. Bright daylight also drives serotonin activity, the brain chemistry behind steady mood, which is one reason mood dips in dark winters and why light is used to treat it. Appetite, energy, and emotional regulation all run on the same clock. One habit, ten minutes, and it compounds every day.

Evening light closes the day and protects the eyes. The low, amber light near sunset is the signal every generation before ours ended the day with, and twenty minutes outside after dinner tells the body the day is wrapping up. It doubles as movement, which itself deepens sleep, and as unstructured time together, which most families are short on. It also carries a benefit most parents have never heard: outdoor daylight is the best proven protection against childhood nearsightedness, which now affects nearly half of kids in some parts of the world. Adding 40 to 80 minutes of outdoor time per school day cut new cases of myopia by 25 to 50 percent in randomized school trials. The same daily walk that settles bedtime is protecting your child’s vision.

Pull natural light into the places your family actually spends the day. At home, open the blinds fully every morning, move homework and play toward windows, and eat breakfast in the brightest spot in the house. At school, ask whether your child can be seated near a window, and advocate for outdoor recess staying outdoors, since recess is many children’s only real light exposure of the day. At the office, the same biology applies to you: take a call walking outside, eat lunch outdoors, claim the desk near the window. Parents who fix their own light sleep better, and the whole household’s rhythm improves together.

Then fix the bulbs

• Start with the two rooms that matter most: wherever the family sits after dinner, and your child’s bedroom. That is usually six to ten bulbs. Replace the rest of the house gradually as bulbs burn out.
• After dinner, turn off the ceiling lights. Overhead light is the geometry of noon. Use two or three lamps at or below eye level instead. This costs nothing.
• Buy by the numbers on the box: 2700K or lower (2200K amber for the last hour before bed), CRI 90 or higher, labeled flicker free, and dimmable on a compatible dimmer.
• Test for flicker yourself. Point your phone’s slow motion camera at any lit bulb for two seconds. Rolling dark bands mean flicker. A steady image means a decent driver. Test what you already own before buying anything.
• Use up any incandescent bulbs you still have in the evening lamps. They no longer sell for general lighting in the US, but the ones in your garage are the best evening light in the house. Note that Edison style filament bulbs on store shelves are LEDs in costume, so test them like any other.
• Night lights should be red or amber and near the floor. Cover the blue standby lights on electronics in the bedroom. And be honest about screens: a tablet at close range is a bigger blue dose than any ceiling fixture. Warm mode on, and off before wind down begins.

What this means for your family

LEDs solved a real energy problem. Nobody was measuring what they did to children, so that never entered the decision to put them in every home in the country. The savings are real and they are small. The cost lands in places no one tracked: how long it takes your child to fall asleep, how the afternoon goes, how much patience your child has left by dinner.

Changing your lighting will not resolve a significant attention or behavior problem by itself, and no one should promise you otherwise. What it does is remove one obstacle that has been working against your child every evening, and it is one of the few obstacles you can remove yourself this week without a waiting list or a prescription. NACD has spent more than 47 years working with families on the daily inputs at home, because that is where change actually happens. Light is one of the most overlooked inputs there is.

Reprinted by permission of The NACD Foundation, Volume 40 No. 2, 2026 ©NACD

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At NACD, we emphasize the importance of brain health through nutrition. Research continues to show that high-sugar breakfasts lead to blood sugar spikes, crashes, and difficulties in learning and behavior. While this affects everyone, children with ADHD, autism, and other neurodevelopmental challenges often experience these effects more severely.

Many parents unknowingly fall into the trap of feeding their kids what they assume is a healthy breakfast. But much of what is marketed as a “balanced meal” is anything but.

Why the Standard American Breakfast Fails Kids

Most traditional breakfast foods are built around sugar and refined carbohydrates. Cereal, toast, bagels, waffles, pancakes, and flavored yogurts may seem like normal morning staples, but they spike blood sugar quickly.

When blood sugar rises too fast, kids may seem energetic at first, but soon after, their levels crash. This can lead to:

• Fatigue and sluggishness
• Difficulty focusing in school
• Emotional outbursts and irritability
• Strong cravings for more sugar

For children with special needs, these crashes can be especially problematic. Unstable blood sugar can contribute to hyperactivity, increased anxiety, aggression, and difficulties with emotional regulation.

Beyond the immediate impact, long-term exposure to high blood sugar contributes to inflammation, cognitive decline, and metabolic issues like insulin resistance. A morning blood sugar spike can also make children more prone to cravings throughout the day, setting them up for poor eating habits.

Read more: The Science of a Smart Breakfast

The Best Type of Breakfast for Brain Function and Stability

A well-balanced breakfast should be built around protein, healthy fats, and fiber. This combination helps stabilize blood sugar, sustain energy levels, and improve focus and behavior.

Rethinking Breakfast: It’s Just Another Meal

What we consider “breakfast food” is largely shaped by marketing and cultural history, not nutrition. There is no scientific reason why breakfast needs to include cereal, toast, or pancakes. In fact, many cultures around the world start their day with meals that resemble lunch or dinner—often including meats, vegetables, and healthy fats.

A child could just as easily eat chicken and roasted vegetables in the morning as they would in the evening. What matters most is the nutrient content, not the label of “breakfast food.”

Smart Breakfast Choices

Instead of relying on processed foods, focus on whole, nutrient-dense options.

Great choices include:

• Eggs, which provide high-quality protein and choline to support brain development
• Meat such as chicken, turkey, or beef, offering amino acids essential for neurotransmitter production
• Avocados, rich in healthy fats that support brain health
• Nuts and seeds, a great source of protein, fiber, and minerals
• Leafy greens and other vegetables packed with essential vitamins

For those who want a little sweetness, organic dates are a great alternative. Unlike refined sugars, dates contain fiber, vitamins, and minerals that slow down sugar absorption. They provide a natural sweetness without causing extreme spikes in blood sugar.

Fruit can also be part of a healthy breakfast when eaten alongside protein and fat to help balance blood sugar. A few berries with nuts, or apple slices paired with almond butter, can add flavor and nutrients without the negative effects of a sugar-heavy meal.

The Cereal Myth: How We Got It So Wrong

Many parents grew up believing that breakfast should include grains. That belief wasn’t shaped by science but by decades of cereal industry marketing. Companies spent millions convincing families that cereals, granola bars, and other processed grains were the best way to start the day.

The reality is that most of these products are ultra-processed, stripped of nutrients, and packed with sugar. Even those claiming to be “whole grain” often cause the same rapid spikes and crashes as refined sugar.

Making the Switch to a Healthier Breakfast

Changing a child’s breakfast routine doesn’t have to be difficult. Gradual adjustments help make the transition smoother.

• Start small by replacing one processed item at a time. Swap out cereal for eggs or replace toast with avocado and nuts.
• Focus on protein first. Ensuring kids get high-quality protein at breakfast helps stabilize blood sugar and keep them full longer.
• Reduce sugar gradually. If your child is used to sweet flavors, introduce healthier alternatives like organic dates or berries alongside protein and fats.
• Get kids involved. Let them help with planning and preparing breakfast. Giving them choices—within healthy options—makes them more likely to enjoy their meal and feel empowered.

Some simple meal ideas kids can help prepare:

• Scrambled eggs with spinach and chicken sausage
• Turkey and avocado roll-ups
• Roasted vegetables with shredded chicken
• Hard-boiled eggs with cucumber slices and hummus
• Sautéed greens with beef and olive oil

The Bigger Picture: A Healthier Future for Kids

At NACD, we work with families to develop customized programs that optimize brain function, learning, and development. The right nutrition is a key piece of that puzzle. By shifting away from sugar-heavy, processed breakfasts and embracing whole, nutrient-dense foods, parents can help their children improve focus, energy, and emotional stability—especially those with special needs.

A small change at breakfast can have a huge impact on a child’s ability to learn, regulate emotions, and thrive.

 Learn more about NACD’s approach and how we help families build healthier, stronger futures.

Reprinted by permission of The NACD Foundation, Volume 39 No. 1 , 2025 ©NACD

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Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing reported that children who ate breakfast more often had significantly higher IQ scores on the full scale, verbal, and performance tests. The study included 1,269 six-year-old children. After controlling for seven potential sociodemographic variables, the study found children who ate breakfast on a near-daily basis scored 4.6 points higher on the total IQ test, 5.58 points higher on the verbal, and 2.50 points higher on the performance part compared to children who frequently skipped eating their breakfast. Therefore, eating breakfast every morning appears to have immediate vital implications for the cognitive function of children. This research adds to other research reporting long-term implications such as smoking, alcohol use, and infrequent exercise all being associated with a lifestyle of not eating breakfast regularly.

The researchers also report that breakfast eating has nutritional and social aspects that both likely play a role. Children commonly eat breakfast with their parents, which allows for some additional one-on-one interaction during the day. NACD understands that it’s these times of one-on-one interaction with an adult that are vital to expanding a child’s cognitive abilities. Furthermore, breakfast literally means to “break a fast” of not eating all night long, and this is important to refuel the brain. However, NACD stresses that it is not just eating breakfast that is important; what your child eats is perhaps even more important!

Eating breakfasts high in sugar and artificial sugars, such as Pop-Tarts or Captain Crunch, are usually detrimental for a child’s cognitive function. Therefore, aim for breakfasts high in protein, such as eggs, nuts, and lean meats, with plenty of fruits and vegetables. Be wary of dairy, wheat, and other grains, which are common sources of food sensitivities. Food sensitivities may be a problem for your child if three or more of the following apply to your child: sometimes congested; history of ear infections; frequent ups and downs in behavior; poor attention span at times; night or morning coughing spells; variable hearing that is sometimes good and sometimes poor; post-nasal drip; headaches; digestive issues; or periods of restlessness.

For more information on food sensitivities please read our article here.

Source

• Can breakfast make kids smarter? (2013) Science in Action. University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. http://www.nursing.upenn.edu/sia/Pages/Can-Breakfast-Make-tiids-Smarter.aspx

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• Potato peelings—cut into the potato about a half inch and discard the center
• Apple peelings
• Carrots, including tops
• Celery, including leaves
• Okra
• Beets, including tops
• Italian parsley
• Green pepper
• Parsnip
• Zucchini
• Cucumber
• Green cabbage
• Broccoli
• Kale
• Onion
• Ginger
• Garlic
• Spinach
• Dandelion greens
• Asparagus

Chop or grate vegetables and greens. Bring to a slow boil and simmer 20 minutes. Strain off broth and drink at least 2 cups each day—more when healing acute conditions. Add 1 tbs. of Rice Bran Syrup after straining to enrich it with B vitamins and silicon. You may also add 2-3 tbs. of Dr. Jensen’s Vegetable Seasoning.

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Recommended especially for arthritis, rheumatism, and osteoporosis. Keep in mind these conditions are symptoms, not the disease.

Note: Although you might think using a veal joint is using meat, it is not. A real meat broth is high in uric acid. Meat contains the uric acid, which can be harmful in many cases of arthritis, rheumatism, and osteoporosis as well as kidney problems. But there is no uric acid in veal joint broth. It is made strictly from the joint material, and it acts like a protomorphogen, which means we get life from life. And since we are using a material that is already organized by the animal, to be used by our body, our digestion doesn’t have to sort it out, reassemble and digest the food, and make it into what the blood can use. Thus it will finally become our joints.Buy a fresh, uncut veal joint and wash it in cold water. Put it in a large cooking pot with distilled water and add the following:

• Potato peelings—cut into the potato about a half inch and discard the center
• Apple peelings
• Carrots, including tops
• Celery, including leaves
• Okra
• Beets, including tops
• Italian parsley
• Green pepper
• Parsnip
• Zucchini
• Cucumber
• Green cabbage
• Broccoli
• Kale
• Onion
• Ginger
• Garlic
• Spinach
• Dandelion greens
• Asparagus

Chop or grate vegetables and greens. Bring to a slow boil and simmer 20 minutes. Strain off broth and drink 2 cups each day. Add 1 tbs. of Rice Bran Syrup after straining to enrich broth with B vitamins and silicon. You may also add 2-3 tbs. of Dr. Jensen’s Broth or Vegetable Seasoning.

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When purchasing raw goat milk it is imperative that you check out the farm and their methodology: i.e. are the goats organically fed; how are they milked and how is the milk stored; do they milk when the goats are being de-wormed; do they use any hormones or antibiotics; etc. Also, only use raw goat milk when breast milk is not available, and you know the integrity of the farm. If you are desiring it for health benefits you can get even more benefits from raw goat yogurt. Otherwise you can make nut milks.

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Buffalo Milk Vs. Cow Milk

No difference in nutritive value: There is practically no difference in the nutritive value and digestibility of milk and milk products obtained from cow and buffalo milks.

Lower cholesterol content: Significantly, cholesterol content of buffalo milk is 0.65 mg/g as compared to the corresponding value of 3.14 mg/g for cow milk.

More proteins: Animal bioassays have shown the Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) value of buffalo milk proteins to be 2.74 and that of cow milk as 2.49. It will be seen that buffalo milk has about 11.42 per cent higher protein than cow milk.

More important minerals: Buffalo milk is also superior to cow milk in terms of important minerals, namely calcium, iron and phosphorus which are higher by 92 per cent, 37.7 per cent and 118 per cent respectively than those present in cow milk.

More vitamin A: Buffalo metabolizes all the carotene into vitamin A, which is passed on to milk as such.

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